QUESTÃO 70
COVID AND SMELL LOSS: SOME ANSWERS
EMERGE
Researchers are making headway in understanding
how coronavirus causes loss of smell. Several potential
treatments to tackle the condition are undergoing clinical
trials, including steroids and blood plasma. Recently, a
study surveyed 616,318 people in the United States
who have had COVID-19. It found that, compared with
those who had been infected with the original virus,
people who had contracted the Alpha variant were
50% as likely to have chemosensory disruption. This
probability fell to 44% for the Delta variant, and to
17% for Omicron. However, a significant portion of
people infected early in the pandemic still experience
chemosensory effects. A 2021 study followed 100
people who had had mild cases of COVID-19 and 100
people who repeatedly tested negative. More than a
year after their infections, 46% of those who had had
COVID-19 still had smell problems; by contrast, just
10% of the control group had developed some smell
loss, but for other reasons. Furthermore, 7% of those
who had been infected still had total smell loss, or
‘anosmia’, at the end of the year. Given that more than 500
million cases of COVID-19 have been confirmed worldwide,
tens of millions of people probably have lingering smell
problems.
(Adaptado de: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-022-01589-z. Acesso em
22/06/2022.)
Segundo o texto,
a) o percentual de pessoas infectadas pelo coronavírus a apresentarem problemas de olfato vem aumentando à medida
que o vírus evolui.
b) esteroides e plasma sanguíneo são tipos de tratamentos eficazes contra a perda de olfato após infecção por coronavírus.
c) a perda total de olfato, chamada de “anosmia”, ainda estava presente, em 2021, em 7% das pessoas infectadas por
coronavírus no começo da pandemia.
d) problemas olfativos provavelmente persistem em 500 milhões de pessoas que foram infectadas pelo coronavírus.
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